Tarihin Yakin Basasa na Kano: Rikicin Sarauta, Sarki Alu da Shigowar Turawa (1893-1903)
Yakin Basasa na Kano: Tarihi da Tasirin sa a Shekaru 131 da suka gabata
Shekaru 131 kenan tun bayan da al’ummar Kano suka tsinci kansu cikin Yakin basasa sakamakon rikicin sarauta tsakanin gidan Sarkin Kano Abdullahi Maje Karofi da gidan Sarkin Kano Muhammadu Bello. Dukkaninsu jikokin Sarkin Kano Ibrahim Dabo ne.
Masana tarihi sun bayyana cewa wannan yaƙin shi ne rikici mafi muni da birnin Kano ya taɓa fuskanta. Wani bature da ya shaida lokacin yaƙin ya kwatanta birnin da cewa “Kanon na ƙarnin jinin mutane” saboda yawan jinin da aka zubar, a cewar Dr. Raliya Zubairu Mahmud, masaniyar tarihi a Kumbotso College, Kano.
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan sakamakon yaƙin shi ne fitowar sabon sarki, wato Sarki Alu a shekarar 1895. Sai dai ba da jimawa ba, Turawan mulkin mallaka suka karɓe iko daga hannunsa a 1903.
Asalin Rikicin Sarauta
Bayan rasuwar Sarkin Kano Ibrahim Dabo, ɗansa Usman ya gaje shi. Daga bisani, ɗan’uwansa Abdullahi Maje Karofi ya hau mulki, sannan bayan rasuwarsa ɗan’uwansu Bello ya zama sarki. Wannan ya sa ƴaƴan Ibrahim Dabo guda uku suka yi sarauta a jere.
Lokacin da Sarkin Kano Bello ya rasu a watan Disamba 1893, Wazirin Sokoto Mu’azu ya kasance a Kano. Shi ne ya sanar da Sultan Abdurrahman labarin rasuwar Bello.
A al’ada, bayan rasuwar sarki, ana turawa Sultan sunayen mutane uku domin a zaɓi wanda zai hau mulki. Amma wannan karo Sultan bai bi wannan tsari ba, sai kawai ya naɗa Tukur, ɗan gidan Sarkin Bello, mai shekaru 26 zuwa 28, saboda tsohon alƙawari da ya yi masa.
Sai dai Wazirin ya shaida wa Sultan cewa al’ummar Kano Yusuf suke so. Yusuf shi ne ɗan gidan Maje Karofi, kuma ya rike mukaman Galadima da Ciroma. Wannan ya haddasa babban rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin Tukurawa da Yusufawa.
Hijirar Yusufawa zuwa Takai
Magoya bayan Yusuf daga gidan Maje Karofi suka yi hijira zuwa Takai, inda suka kafa sansani. A nan ne suka naɗa Yusuf a matsayin sarki, tare da neman mubaya’a daga garuruwan da ke kewaye da Kano.
A watan Agusta 1894, Yusuf da magoya bayansa suka nufi Kano. Amma kafin ya isa, ciwo ya kashe shi a garin Garko, duk da jita-jitar cewa wasu daga cikin danginsa ne suka yi masa kisan gilla domin su ɗora wani daban.
Kafin mutuwarsa, Yusuf ya ambaci ɗan’uwansa Alu (Aliyu Babba) wanda ya kasance ɗan Sultan Abdurrahman ta wurin uwa. Wannan ya sa aka naɗa shi sarki, domin a samu sauƙin karɓuwa daga masarautar Sokoto.
Tashin Sarki Alu da Saukar Tukur
Bayan rasuwar Yusuf, aka naɗa Alu a matsayin Sarkin Kano. A ranar 18 Satumba 1894, Alu ya jagoranci magoya bayansa suka shiga Kano. Da jin labarin hakan, Sarki Tukur ya gudu zuwa Katsina.
Sultan Abdurrahman ya nemi taimakon sarakunan Zazzau, Katsina da Kazaure domin a dawo da Tukur, amma duk sun ƙi amincewa.
A watan Maris 1895, aka gwabza yaƙi a Tafashiya tsakanin tawagar Tukurawa da Yusufawa. An illata Tukur bayan dokinsa ya fāɗi, daga baya kuma ya mutu a ranar 16 ga watan Maris 1895. Wannan ne ya kawo ƙarshen Yakin basasa na Kano.
Abubuwan da Yaƙin Basasar Kano ya Haddasa
- Mutane da dama sun mutu, har aka ce Kano ta zama “birnin jini.”
- Masarautar Sokoto ta ware Sarki Alu duk da zumuncin da ke tsakaninsu.
- Iyalai da dama sun yi hijira domin tsira da rayukansu.
- Wasu sun bace har abada, ba a sake samun labarinsu ba.
- Dangantakar jinin sarauta ta samu mummunar tangarda.
- Wasu daga cikin ƴaƴan sarauta sun guji hawa bisa jan kunne.
- Tattalin arzikin Kano ya durƙushe saboda kasuwanci ya tsaya cak.
- Yakin Basasa ya nuna raunin daular Usmaniyya, abin da ya sauƙaƙa shigar Turawan mulki mallaka.
Wanene Sarkin Kano Alu?
Alu, wanda ake kira Aliyu Babba ko Alu Maisango, shi ne Sarkin Kano daga 1895 zuwa 1903.
Nasabarsa ta bangaren uba ta fito daga gidan Maje Karofi ɗan Ibrahim Dabo, yayin da ta bangaren uwa kuma ta fito daga Sultan Abdurrahman ɗan Shehu Usman Ɗanfodio. Wannan ya sanya shi ɗan jinin Fulani daga bangarori biyu.
Sarki Alu ya kasance malami kuma jarumi, yana riƙe da makamin gargajiya mai suna Sango, wanda ya sa ake kiran shi “Maisango.”
Ya yi sarauta na tsawon shekaru takwas kafin Turawa su shigo Kano. Bayan suƙa mamaye birnin, Alu ya gudu zuwa gabas amma suka kama shi, suka kai shi Adamawa sannan Lokoja, inda ya zauna har zuwa rasuwarsa a 1926.
Abbas ya hau sarauta ƙarƙashin Turawa
Bayan kama Alu, Wamban Kano Abbas ya ba da shawara a mika wuya ga Turawa. A sakamakon haka, a watan Fabrairu 1903, Turawan mulkin mallaka suka naɗa Abbas a matsayin Sarkin Kano.
Wannan ya nuna karshen ikon gargajiya na masarautar Kano da kuma kafuwar sabon tsarin Turawan mulkin mallaka.
